For this paper you will compare and analyze different primary Essay

For this paper you will look at and examine changed essential records of a similar point or authentic time - Essay Example II. An Old Whig An article distributed in The Massachusetts Gazette on November 27, 1787 addressed whether the â€Å"proposed constitution† was hurried (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). This article composed by and named â€Å"An Old Whig† called attention to that the constitution itself would necessitate that each state in the association reexamine its current laws so those laws are reliable with the US Constitution. It in this way bodes well that the proposed constitution be reexamined and bantered to guarantee that it achieves what it decides to achieve: the development of a â€Å"great republic† (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). The article communicated dread that the proposed constitution was hurried principally on the grounds that the general population requested its section. Be that as it may, in surging the proposed constitution, it was significant not to dismiss the risks of putting an excess of control over the whole area of the nation under the control of not many. Such a constitution should cautiously consider the crucial opportunities of the individuals and techniques by which to shield against the maltreatment of forces by scarcely any over the dominant part. Along these lines it is significant that the proposed constitution be reconsidered and joined by a painstakingly drafted Bill of Rights in any case, the proposed constitution could in the long run transform the US into a government (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). III. ... In contrast to An Old Whig, the Philanthorpos gave explicit instances of why the new constitution as it was undermined freedoms and tested the development of an incredible Republic. For instance the new constitution presents upon Congress the ability to direct business yet doesn't give Congress the position to obtain cash. In addition, Congress will have the ability to choose individuals from the legal executive and can practice that power for philanthropic reasons (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). Philanthorpos like An Old Whig anticipated that the new constitution would prompt shaky and self-sufficient principle. While An Old Whig anticipated the arrangement of a government, Philanthorpos anticipated the development of a â€Å"tyranny† and â€Å"despotism† (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). The rich and ground-breaking will battle to hold influence and the poor will battle to increase some proportion of influence and improvement in their lives. The imaginable result wo uld along these lines be a common war (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). Thusly the expectations made by Philanthorpos were unquestionably more annihilating than those made by An Old Whig. The last article just required a cautious reframing and update of the proposed constitution and the previous communicated the conviction that it was a minimization on the past constitution and would, whenever introduced as it stood lead to political turmoil, divisions among the individuals, self-governance and in the long run common war. IV. Madison The Federalist Papers not at all like the Anti-federalist papers bolstered the new constitution and were composed by Jon Jay, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison between late 1787 and May 1788. James Madison’s The Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection, took an altogether extraordinary perspective on the Philanthorpos and An Old Whig

Lo and Behold!

Lo and Behold! Lo and Behold! Lo and Behold! By Maeve Maddox A football fan posted the accompanying: I chose to watch the Duke versus Miami game and low and see Duke is fruitful this year Normally the â€Å"low and behold† grabbed my attention. Was it only a grammatical mistake? I jumped on my web index to perceive what I could discover. Clearly a ton of English speakers compose low for the lo of â€Å"Lo and behold!† A portion of the incorrect spellings I discovered were conscious jokes in features above tales about something â€Å"low,† like low oil costs, low calorie plans, and low golf scores. More, in any case, appeared to be the consequence of not realizing that the word in the articulation is spelled lo and not low. Here are a few models: Low and observe! (a blog title) Low and Behold (a 2007 film about post-Hurricane Katrina) low and observe I have some truly wonderful DOMS in the mid area (practice site) However, low and see, nearly four decades later (printed rap verses) Low and observe it worked out extraordinary I got a PC via the post office (tribute on promoting site) Fall term will all be about the Old Testament and low and see, we’ve worked out a total program (college site in the U.K.) Low and BeholdHow Much Work Are You Willing to do? (feature on an author’s site) In the event that you don’t check the colorful rundown of words satisfactory for Scrabble competitions, English has not many two-letter words. The way that just around twenty are in like manner use may represent endeavors to add a little body to lo by including another letter. Lo may get from the basic type of the action word to look. It has been utilized as an interposition at any rate since Beowulf was composed, however the redundancy â€Å"lo and behold† dates just from the nineteenth century. Some time before that, loâ€in the feeling of Look! See! Behold!†was utilized to focus on something going to occur or going to be said. For, lo, the winter is past, the downpour is finished and gone; (Song of Solomon, 2:11, KJV.) What's more, Lo! the Hunter of the East has gotten/The Sultan’s Turret in a Noose of Light. (Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, Edward Fitzgerald interpretation.) The most punctual OED reference for Lo and view! is from a letter written in 1808. Bulwer-Lytton†he who gave us the novel opening, â€Å"It was a dim and turbulent night,† utilized it in 1841: The reasonable lady of the hour was avoiding down the middle..when, lo and observe! the unshaven gentleman..advanced..and cried-‘La voil!’ (Night Morning II. iii. v. 144â ) These days the articulation is utilized both cleverly and cuttingly. Tennessee Williams has Stanley use it in a tirade against Blanche: You come in here and sprinkle the spot with powder and splash aroma and spread the light with a paper lamp, and lo and view the spot has transformed into Egypt and you are the Queen of the Nile! (Trolley Named Desire, scene 10). Present day writers most likely won’t discover a lot of utilization for the articulation butâ€Å"Lo Behold!† still has a lot of life in it for every day conversational use. Individuals who utilize the articulation in their web journals and online discussions might need to check the spelling. Verifiable writers placing outcries in the mouths of pre-nineteenth century characters might need to adhere to plain â€Å"Lo!† Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Expressions class, check our mainstream posts, or pick a related post below:Congratulations on or for?Rules for Capitalization in TitlesHow to Address Your Elders, Your Doctor, Young Children... what's more, Your CEO

The Facts About Research Proposal Writing

The Facts About Research Proposal WritingThere are many people that have the dream of becoming a research proposal writer. They believe that a career in this field is easy and the money is great. However, most people that have a passion for writing have one complaint and that is their time commitment to this craft. While this may be true of many other careers, there are several things that you can do to get out of writing a research proposal and into a more interesting and fulfilling career in writing.One of the first things that you need to do is to start writing as much as you can. A lot of research is done through written notes and then transferred into the computer. When you are able to write as much as you can, you will find that it will help you in a few different ways. The first thing that you will find is that when you write, you will learn to make connections and research. As you become better at this, you will be able to communicate your ideas better and you will be able to share information with others in a way that they are most comfortable with.A good research proposal writer needs to be a good communicator and someone that is aware of all of the different aspects of research. The best writers are able to talk about what is taking place without using terms that they are unfamiliar with. It is important that you know what the audience wants and you should always be prepared to explain what you are talking about.You should also take time to understand the background and purpose of the research proposal. If the paper that you are writing is being provided by a company, you need to understand the products or services that they are providing. It is important that you understand the benefits of those products and services before you start writing a paper. It is also important that you understand why you need to write the paper.You also need to have some basic skills in writing. Most people that have not been writing for a while will start to develop thei r own opinions and it will be very difficult to write a successful research proposal. It is important that you develop a writing style that you like and that you can get behind. This will make your job easier.You will find that there are several ways that you can get your research proposal written. Many universities are able to hire a researcher for a specific project. However, if you are self-employed, you can still use your own ideas to write the proposal. Of course, you need to consider the requirements of the company and determine what they want before you write the proposal.You can also use these basic skills to write more general reports and curriculum vitae. You can also use these skills to learn how to write research papers for college. It is possible to write a great research paper if you practice and learn the techniques that other writers use. The most important thing that you can do is to learn how to create your own style and write a great research proposal.Writing a re search proposal is a good starting point to get started on this field. However, if you are not enjoying the writing you are doing, you will need to do some additional work to hone your skills.

Math Certification Assignment . Overview. You Will Submit

Math Certification Assignment Overview You will submit a three week math unit plan and supporting assessments. Purpose The purpose of this assignment is to give you practice setting short term instructional goals using the principle of Backward Design, in order to sequence daily learning experiences that support students understanding of key mathematical concepts. Related NAEYC Professional Preparation Standards NAEYC Standard 5. Using Content Knowledge to Build Meaningful Curriculum Students prepared in early childhood degree programs use their knowledge of academic disciplines to design, implement, and evaluate experiences that promote positive development and learning for each and every young child. Students understand the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ How do the concepts explored in this unit build upon skills previously learned? †¢ In what ways will this unit have opportunities for student engagement that focus on student interest, characteristics and/or culture? The content in this unit will set up young scholars to navigate and describe the world around them. Shapes are everywhere! Shapes can be used to communicate important information throughout their lives. Geometry can also lay the groundwork for future math such as solving for the missing angle. The concepts in this unit connect to the end of the year math goals for students as they, too, are based upon the common core standards. By the time students enter first grade, they should be able to identify and describe shapes as well as analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes. The concepts explored in this unit do not rely heavily on prior knowledge. Though students should have had some exposure (formally or informally) to shapes, they likely have not been taught to this extent. They will, however, need to utilize their counting and categorizing skills. This unit will have ample opportunities for student engagement. Children at this age both need and enjoy movement. Throughout this Geo metry unit, kindergartners will be given the chance to use their bodies and voices to enhance their learning. Lessons will start with catchy, hip songs about shapes. There are also movements to go along withShow MoreRelatedHuman Resources5937 Words   |  24 PagesINDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT #2 HRM 782 NAME: ALEXANDRA SALATINO STUDENT NUMBER: 016-525-057 TABLE OF CONTENTS Job Ad ..............................................................................................................1-2 Interview Plan †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3-8 Beginning-Preparing for the Interview * Conduct a Job Analysis * Develop questions in advance * Develop Rating Scales * Determine the Purpose and Format of the Interview * Train Interviewers Middle-DuringRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesassessment, assignments, grade tracking, and more manage time better study smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience.  » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S  » www.wileyplus.com ALL THE HELP, RESOURCES, AND PERSONAL SUPPORT YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS NEED! 2-Minute Tutorials and all of the resources you your studentsRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 PagesCHAPTER 1 Changing Nature of Human Resource Management After you have read this chapter, you should be able to: ââ€"  Identify four major HR challenges currently facing organizations and managers. 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Today no one can deny the importance of bankingRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagesimplied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives orwritten sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. 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The Heritage of Operations Management - 2336 Words

THE HERITAGE OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT To start, I would like to give a view of ‘what OM is and why it is important today’. Operations management is the area concerned with the efficiency and effectiveness of the operation in support and development of the firms strategic goals. Other areas of concern to operations management include the design and operations of systems to provide goods and services. To put it succinctly, operations management is the planning, scheduling, and control of the activities that transform inputs (raw materials and labor) into outputs (finished goods and services). A set of recognized and well-developed concepts, tools, and techniques belong within the framework considered operations management. While the term†¦show more content†¦When word got out about the Cotton Gin, plantation owners began planting as much green seed cotton as the land would allow. Though Whitney received a patent for his cotton gin invention in 1794, by that time the invention was being pirated and used all over the country. Ultimately, Whitney left the South with very little to show for the invention that had made croppers millions. However, upon his return to the North, he re-invented American manufacturing with the idea of mass production. We also incorporate our second author in this era, Frederick W. Taylor (1856-1915), who is considered the father of the scientific management. Frederick Winslow Taylor devised a system he called scientific management, a form of industrial engineering that established the organization of work as in Fords assembly line. This discipline, along with the industrial psychology established by others at the Hawthorne Works of Western Electic in the 1920s, moved management theory from early time-and-motion studies to the latest total quality control ideas. Frederick W. Taylor and his colleagues were among the first to systematically seek the best way to produce. Taylor, born in Philadelphia, prepared for college at Philips Academy in Exeter, N.H., and was accepted at Harvard. His eyesight failed and he became an industrial apprentice in the depression of 1873. 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Public Health Reaction Paper - 1008 Words

Assignment #2: PH Reaction Paper Chasiti Reid PUBH 102 Dr. Corwin December 1, 2012 (a) Public health is preventing injury and disease, prolonging life and protecting populations by promoting health through product safety and in physical, social and economic environments. Responsibility for promoting the health of the public is shared between the government and communities. Public health focuses on the health of populations, rather than individuals. It is concerned with wide-ranging strategies that concentrate on the prevention of injuries and disease. Public health in the 20th century have improved the quality of life, increased the life expectancy, and the reduction or elimination of many communicable diseases in populations.†¦show more content†¦When these public health interventions are properly implemented and regulated the existence of them is far more beneficial than detrimental. The overall benefit supports â€Å"taxing sugary beverages† as an ethical issue because the penny-per-ounce tax will affect everyone that purchases sugar-sweetened b everages no matter their amount of consumption. This tax will be more beneficial for all Americans because it can reduce medical treatment costs for diabetes and other obesity-related health problems substantially. It also has the chances to decrease the prevalence of diseases such as stroke, coronary heart disease, diabetes and obesity. Communitarianism relies on the idea that what is good for the whole is necessarily good for its parts (p. 10). From this perspective, public health interventions are good for individuals simply because they benefit the community as a whole (p. 10). Communitarianism benefits the â€Å"tax on sugary beverages† because although the tax is more focused on reducing the consumption of those who drink these beverages it also protects those who don’t consume them regularly by reducing the prevalence of them being diagnosed with diseases related to consuming these sugary drinks. This can sometimes cause conflict because it is not always the cas e that what is good for certain individuals and what is good for the community will agree, but this strategy is worth giving consideration because it justifies public healthShow MoreRelatedChemical Functions And Reactions Of Cyanide1384 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper is written on the molecule cyanide. It shows the different types of cyanides and everything about them. Also, it shows the how the human body reacts to cyanide poisoning and how to avoid it. It contains, the places where cyanide is found and the way humans use it to their advantage. 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E-commerce on social media free essay sample

The design of websites is increasingly incorporating social cues like helpfulness and familiarity, especially in e-commerce websites with the primary objective of facilitating the exchange relationship (Adapa, 2008). This draws on the assumption that social cues in websites evoke a social response from the visitors of the websites, which in turn leads to enjoyment. As a result, users have a tendency to patronize exciting, entertaining and stimulating websites. Studies affirm that lack of product touch and interaction with organizational representatives may inhibit the acceptance of and positive attitudes toward e-commerce (Ahasanul, Khatib, Shameem, 2009). High levels of interactions with e-commerce commodities and organizational representatives may increase positive attitudes towards electronic commerce, which in turn plays an integral role in influencing the decisions to use e-commerce systems. E-commerce surveys conducted in 2009 reported that online shoppers have a preference of an interactive online shopping experience because they considered it more informative (Mehdi, 2011). This implies that online shoppers are likely to make a purchase from a website that has interactive components incorporated in the form of social cues. We will write a custom essay sample on E-commerce on social media or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This research paper discusses the effects of social media on Australia e-commerce. The Pervasive effects of Social Media on Australian E-Commerce A study by Wakefield et al (2011) reported the inclusion of social clues in a website leads to greater beliefs regarding their user intentions, enjoyment, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use. The inference from this view is that social media tends to make the website friendly, informative and helpful, which increases the likelihood that such users will make a purchase from that website. The study by Wakefield et al (2011) further stated that website socialness tends to evoke an effective social response from the users of e-commerce websites. This is because users associate website social clues with life-like attributes such as friendliness, informative, usefulness, helpfulness, politeness and intelligence. The fundamental assertion is that user’s perception of website’s sociability is a core element in approach used in explaining and predicting behavioral intentions in electronic commerce (Dunt Harper, 2002). As an analogy, users liken the inclusion of social media in the e-commerce websites to digital representatives. E-commerce websites having immense social cues establish efficiencies for business enterprises through a reduction of ambiguity and enhancing continuing relationships with customers, suppliers and business partners. It is apparent that websites embedded with social cues create a social response from the users of the e-commerce website leading to high levels of enjoyment when using the site because they believe that social cues in websites are enjoyable, adventurous and exciting (Wakefield et al. , 2011). There is a positive correlation between enjoyable website experience and higher intentions of using the site, which in turn increases their personal connection with the online retailers. Such personal connections offer a valuable opportunity that online retailers can use to establish sustainable competitive advantage. Wakefield et al (2011) asserts that electronic retailers aiming at enhancing consumer attention and purchasing must evaluate the social aspects of the internet. Social Media Eliminates Barriers to Personal Interaction The current software and hardware used for personal interaction with online retailing websites target simultaneous group of online shoppers instead of the individual. This is a significant barrier to personal communication eliminated by the inclusion of social media in the web retailing sites (Town, 1999). Irrespective of the shopping motivation, shopping behavior does not necessarily translate to a pleasant shopping experience or the purchasing behavior. This is a typical characteristic of web retailing sites lacking the social aspects in their design. Fennech Tino (2010) asserts that the ultimate role played by the incorporation of social media in web retailing sites is that it leads to high levels of customer retail satisfaction at an individual level. This draws on the view that the shopping orientation of an individual is the significant determinant of the environment selected to engage in the shopping activity and their overall retail satisfaction (Tino O’Cass, 2001). A study by Tino O’Cass (2001), to examine the constructs that affect internet users’ adoption of web retailing and their perception towards product types bought via the web, indicated that attitude towards electronic retailing and perceived usefulness played an integral role in influencing the adoption of  web retailing. The study indicated that favorable attitude resulted in high adoption of web retailing, while unfavorable attitudes resulted in under-utilization of web retailing frameworks. Tino O’Cass (2001) pointed out that lack of personal communication and interaction is the key determinant that differentiates between favorable and unfavorable attitudes, which implies that web retailing sites devoid of personal communication t ools reported low levels of customer retail satisfaction. It is apparent that social media plays an integral role in eliminating barriers to personal interaction in web retailing sites, which in turn helps in increasing user retailing satisfaction. In addition, social media plays an integral role in building trust of web retailing among internet users, this is because users place greater significance on interpersonal influence from sources like peer groups when making such a decision (Sujana, 2011). The basic inference from this observation is that the incorporation of social media in electronic commerce helps in eliminating barriers to personal interaction and communication, which in turn increases the utilization of electronic commerce among Australian internet users. As such, online retailers can incorporate social media in their retailing sites to build trust from the potential internet shoppers. Social media has the potential of increasing the number of web shoppers, generating repeat purchases and fostering positive attitudes towards the use of online retailing in Australia. Tino O’Cass (2001) asserts that social media is a key driver for the adoption of web retailing and eliminating the potential barriers associated with the utilization of web retailing. Therefore, online retailers can make use of social media to establish and increases their market share in the online environment because social media is a perfect tool for enhance online visibility. Social media presents a new retailing opportunity that online marketers can use to influence attitudes and usefulness of their retailing sites (Stephens, 2010). Social Media and electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) According to Mira Youn (2009), word-of-mouth is an instance of interpersonal communication relating to commodities and products between consumers. Mira Youn (2009) considers word-of-mouth as the most influential source information for consumers because consumers have a high level of trust towards their peer consumers than the trust they have for advertisers and marketers (Sia et al. , 2009). Word-of-mouth is not dependent on marketers selling intentions’, implying that consumers consider such information credible and trustworthy. Research studies affirm the influential nature of word-of-mouth on consumers’ decisions and purchasing behaviors. WOM is increasingly becoming significant with the advent of the internet, taking numerous forms such as product review websites, brands’ websites, personal blogs and social networking sites. The increase in eWOM platforms has facilitated consumer communication in terms of product-related information. A study by Mira Youn (2010) pointed out that the various eWOM platforms played an integral role in influencing consumers’ purchasing decisions. The ongoing growth of blog sites and social networking impose significant effects on brands and their respective marketing. It is increasingly becoming apparent that consumers are researching products and brands via social networking sites such as Facebook and Google+, which reach a significant percentage of internet users. The impacts of social media can take place in three perspectives including product ratings and review, publicity of customer experiences, and constant innovation (Rafaeli Raban, 2005). Most aspects of electronic word-of-mouth take the form of social media such as discussion boards and other online communication platforms. Studies affirm that that electronic word-of-mouth plays an integral role in influencing the adoption and use of commodities and services, which implies that eWOM influences consumer behavior of web retailers. It is increasingly becoming apparent that eWOM is becoming a significant component of the marketing mix because they determine the buying decisions adopted by online consumers (Joey, 2002). The fundamental argument is that social media, through eWOM, plays a vital role in the establishment of a computer-mediated environment, whereby the purchasing decisions of consumers depend on the perceived quality of information they get. When consumers get the information that meet seems to meet their needs and requirements, they are willing to criticize the product/service value basing on the criteria for the purchasing decision (Dunt Harper, 2002). This implies that online markers have to determine the customers’ insight of information quality on the internet, which helps in assessing their potential purchasing behavior. Marketers can make use of social media to manipulate variables of information quality such as timeliness, accuracy, relevance and comprehensiveness (Dholakia Chiang, 2003). The usefulness of information imposes significant impacts on consumers’ decision to adopt information gathered from online communities. Information usefulness depends on credibility and quality of information. As such, online consumer forums are increasingly becoming important to consumers because the information gathered from such social online communities are from peer consumers and devoid of marketers’ intentions (Chang Sturt, 2004). Comprehensiveness of information gathered from online communities tend to increase the pervasive nature of social media on electronic commerce. Mira Youn (2011) asserts that the social media era has imposed significant changes in relation to product reviews and ratings. Previously, product reviews and ratings were a reserve for publishers such as Consumer Reports and CNET magazines (Andrews et al. , 2007). The paradigm shift currently includes social media users engaging in constant product reviews and ratings. It is vital to note that, in social media, there is no storage of product ratings and reviews on retailers’ website. The second impact of social media is the publicity of consumer experiences (Andrews et al. , 2007). In social media, consumer experiences are a core driver of most of brand conversations, which certainly imposes significant impacts on the brand reputations of retailers. Social media and blog sites impose significant effects on the marketing of brands. In fact, social media provides an avenue for mass-market advertising over the internet (Chang Sturt, 2004). A good marketing approach does not only incorporate mass marketing, but also seek ways to communicate with customers via social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and other blogging platforms by creating an engaging content for social media users to interact with both the retailers and among themselves (Dholakia Chiang, 2003). The eWOM trend imposes significant implications on marketing strategies. This is because effective online market is increasingly depending on social influence, with conventional marketing losing its significance and increasingly becoming ineffective. Australian marketers have to appreciate that they have no control on their online brands. This is because people will discuss the brand without involving the marketers, who cannot the circulation of negative comments on the various social media platforms (Chang Sturt, 2004). However, Australian marketers can embark on maximizing the probability of distributing good conversations relating to a product. Australian online marketers are increasingly adopting this strategy. Effective marketing strategies in the wake of social commerce require smart vital techniques for increasing the distribution of positive comments about a brand or product. With the internet increasingly becoming social, it is imperative that online stores in Australia adopt social media integration in their electronic commerce websites to foster member engagement and product discovery (Andrews et al. , 2007). Social Commerce Social commerce refers to the use of social media platforms in the context of electronic commerce, with the primary objective of enhancing online buying and selling. Social commerce entails an integration of two digital trends including electronic commerce and social media. Electronic commerce depends on web-based communities and effective web-based communication, which has a significant effect on online visibility and sales. Web-based communication has the potential of changing corporate advertising, nature of community sponsorship strategies and the business model. Social media emerges as the most powerful tool for online communication. In the present digital economy, setting up an online store and waiting for potential customers is not adequate (Chang Sturt, 2004). Online retail outlets have to adopt a proactive approach by seeking ways to engage consumers, establish relationships and form online communities. The difference between social commerce and conventional e-commerce is the incorporation of social elements in the online business model. Social commerce entails features such as consumer ratings and reviews, referrals, social shopping platforms, user recommendations and online communities. These social features play an integral role in the creation of a trusted environment whereby people generate content relating to the referral and sale of commodities using customer feedback, reviews, ratings and testimonials (Cheung et al. , 2008). The key drivers of social commerce include electronic business opportunities, online communities and the emergence of internet technologies such as web 2. 0. The core characteristics of social commerce include gathering of collective intelligence, viral marketing, market disruption, and a platform for participation. Gathering collective intelligence implies that the competitive advantage of social commerce websites depends on the critical mass of retailers and consumers (Andrews et al. , 2007). The key towards attaining online market dominance is the network effects derived from user contributions. In relation to the aspect of viral marketing, it is apparent that social commerce relies significantly on word-of-mouth marketing, which takes place when customers promote a commodity via their positive experiences with the product. Therefore, branded communities can establish long lasting relationships and deeper affinity with their customers. Most social commerce websites are instances of phenomenal networks characterized by democratic participation, whereby people generate what other people want on an equal platform. Social commerce websites such as Facebook integrates numerous social media tools like sharing of photos and blogs, to provide users with an avenue through which they can express their opinions and preferences. Such websites also serve the role of a central communication hub for social networks.